الجمهورية الجزائرية الديمقراطية الشعبية

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1 Niveau : Master 1 Matière: Technical English Option : Les 4 options 1- Grammar 1- Past simple (I did) a- Study this example : It rained all day yesterday. Rained is the past simple tense. The past simple tense is used to describe actions, events and situations in the past. They enjoyed the trip. He retired two years ago. When we lived in this town, we stayed in a Hotel. Very often the past simple ends in ed or d: - We invited them to our department but they decided not to come. - He passed his examination because he studied very hard. But many important verbs are irregular. This means that the past simple does not end in ed or d. For example: Begin began; buy bought Cut cut The English lecture began yesterday at 14 O clock. Yesterday he bought a new mobile phone. I cut my hear last Saturday. The past of the verb be (am/is/are) is was/were: I/he/she/it was we/you/they were I was happy because they were on time. a) In the past simple questions and negatives we use did/didn t+ the infinitive (do/open/play, etc...): He played did he play? He didn t play Exercise: In this exercise you have to put one of these verbs in each sentence in the past. Hurt teach spend sell throw fall catch buy cost 1- I Was hungry, so I... something to eat in the shop. 2- His father... him driving when he was She... down the ladder this morning 4-Ali... a lot of money yesterday. He... some goods which... a great money. 5-She needed some money so she... her laptop.

2 2- Numbers, shapes, distances and dimensions Do you know the difference between the roman and Arabic numbers, between cardinal and ordinal numbers, have you any idea how fractions are spoken? Which types of shapes do you know? You will be working with numbers all the time, so you need to be aware of them, how to pronounce them individually and mathematical formulas. Let s have a look. a- Cardinal numbers 0 Zero (oh, not, 451 Four hundred and fifty one nil) 1 one 3,189 Three thousand one hundred and eighty nine 2 two 5,920,706 Five million nine hundred and twenty thousand seven hundred and six 10 ten 100 One hundred 1,000 One thousand 1,000,000 One million 1,000,000,000 One billion b- Ordinal numbers 1 st the first 1 st November 54 the first of November 54 2 nd the second the second time 3 rd the third the third English lecture 4 th the fourth 15 th the fifteenth the fifteenth of October two thousand and eighteen 25 th the twenty fifth 1,000,000 th one millionth c- Fractions, decimals and percentages 2 ½ Two and a half, 3 ¾ three and three quarter, 35% thirty five percent, 7.69 seven point sixty nine nine point two five six seven d- Arithmetic + Addition 8+3 = 11 eight plus three equals eleven - Subtraction 7-2 = 5 seven minus two equals five : Division 18:3 = 6 eighteen divided by three equals six x Multiplication 4x9 =36 four multiplied by nine equals thirty six, or four times nine equals thirty six. e- Roman numbers I (one), II (two), IV (four), V (five), X(ten), XL(forty), L(fifty), C(one hundred), D(five hundred), M(one thousand).

3 f- Weights and measures The metric system, length, surface, weight 10 millimetres (mm) =1 centimetre (cm) = inches (in) 100 centimetres =1 metre (m) = inches or yards (yd) 1000 metres = 1 kilometre (km) = miles or about 5/8 mile 100 square metres (m 2 ) = 1 are (a) = acres 100 ares = 1 hectare (ha) = square miles 100 hectares = 1 square kilometer (km 2 ) = square miles Linear measure GB and US metric 1 inch = millimetres (mm) 12 inches = 1 foot (ft) = centimetre (cm) 3 feet = 1 yard (yd) = metres (m) 1760 yards = 1 mile = kilometres Weight 1 grain = grams (g) 437 and ½ grains = 1 ounce (oz) = grams 16 ounces = 1 pound (lb) = kilograms (kg) g- Shapes All scientists and technologists need to be able to talk about shapes. Note the names of the shapes below. a- Two dimensional shapes (a) (b) (c) (d) (e) (f) (g) (h)

4 b- Three dimensional shapes (i) (j) (k) (l) Exercises : a- Try the following numbers quiz 1- Name the five odd numbers. 2- Name the five even numbers. 3- Give an example of a decimal fraction 4- Give an example of a vulgar fraction 5- How do you read this formula and what does it represent: V =4/3πr 3 b- Write the following in words rather than in figures or symbols. 1- About 70% of the Algerian population are youth C = 77 F 3-1/5 +1/2x2 3 = 4 1/5 4-3,625,237 of the population are retired. c- Read the following information aloud. 1- The highest waterfall in the world is Angel falls in Venezuela with a drop of 979m. 2- The world's tallest artificial structure is the metre-tall (2,722 ft) Burj Khalifa in Dubai (of the United Arab Emirates). 3- A lunar distance, km, is the Moon's average distance to Earth. 4-The country with the most mobile telephones in the world is China. It has 7,000,000,000 in use in The largest country in the world is Russia with an area of 17,098,242 km 2. d- Draw the following figures 1- A circle of about of 4cm diameter. Draw an hexagon inside the circle, then draw a point in the centre of the circle. 2- An octagon with equal sides. Draw an oval in the middle of the octagon. 3- A right-angled triangle of two equal sides of three centimeters in length. Draw a small circle at the centre of the circle and then draw lines from the centre of the circle to each of the angles of the triangle.

5 3. Function and ability (from Nucleus) 3.1 Presentation : The properties and uses of materials Name Properties Some uses Aluminium Copper Lead Low density. Soft and ductile. High electrical and thermal conductivity Ductile and malleable. Medium tensile strength. High electrical and thermal conductivity. Corrosion resistant. Soft and ductile. Low tensile strength. Corrosion resistant. Light weight electrical conductors. Electrical conductors and heat exchangers. Electric cable sheaths. Tin Corrosion resistant. Coating sheet mild steel to give tin plate. Zinc Soft and ductile. Corrosion resistant. Coating sheet mild steel to give galvanized steel. Wrought iron Ductile and malleable. Fairly high tensile strength. Chains. Crane hooks. Medium carbon steel (hardened and tempered). Tough and relatively hard. Cold chisels. Motor car crankshafts. Springs Ask and answer questions like the following : Why is aluminium used for lightweight electrical conductors? Aluminium is used for lightweight electrical conductors because it has high electrical conductivity and low density Look at this sentence : Aluminium has high electrical conductivity and low density and is therefore, used for lightweight electrical conductors. - Write three similar sentences Look at these sentences : has the ability to withstand A hard material is able to withstand scratching or indentation by is capable of withstanding another body 3.2 Say whether these statements are true or false. Correct the false statements. a- Aluminium is capable of conducting electricity. b- Lead is unable to resist attack by corrosive substance. c- Wrought iron is not capable of withstanding a tensile force without breaking. d- Copper is able to withstand hammering.

6 e- Tin does not have the ability to withstand corrosion. f- Medium carbon steel is capable of withstanding scratching or indentation. g- Aluminium does not have the ability to conduct heat. h- Copper is capable of being drawn into wire. i- Lead is unable to withstand scratching from another body. 4 Development 4.1 look at figure (a) and read: (a) (b) The spindle nose acts as a location for the arbor (the shaft which carries cutter). The function of the table is to support the workpiece. It also enables the workpiece to move against the cutter. The cross-slide provides the operator with a means of centring the wotkpiece under the cutter. The knee enables the workpiece to be fed into the cutter, thus cotrolling the depth of metal that is removed. 4.2 Answer these questions : a- Which part acts as a support for the workpiece? b- What does the cross slide enable the operator to do? c- Which part locates the arbor? d- Which part provides a means of controlling the amount of metal that is removed? e- What s the function of the knee? f- What s the function of the spindle nose? 4.3 Look at the diagram (b): Make sentences from this table The function of the base spindle spindle nose sliding head gearbox is to house the gears. transmit the drive to the drill bit. hold the machine rigid. hold the drill bit in place. control the vertical movement of the drill bit.

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